Abstract Detail

Systematics Section/ASPT

Jang, Chang-gee [1], Oh, Byoung-Un  [2], Chung, Gyu Young [3], Lee, You-Mi [4], Choi, Hyeok Jae  [5].

The diversity of chromosome number in Labiatae and its evolutionary significance in Korea.

Labiatae is composed of about 250 genera with more than 6,700 species worldwide, and about 65 species in 26 genera occur in South Korea. The polyploidy is very common throughout the family, which has estimated that polyploidy occurs in just over 58% of Labiatae and the range in chromosome number is very great. In this study, we investigated somatic chromosome numbers of Korean native Labiatae to figure out chromosome number diversity and elucidate evolutionary significance of the diversity in the group. The size, aneuploidy, and ploidy levels of chromosomes classify genera into several groups, exhibiting correlation with species diversity. More than 50% from this study showed different from previous study. The polyploid was found in Salvia chanryoenica Nakai(2n = 16, 32), and aneuploid also discovered in Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudô) Hara (2n = 36, 38). We also found that different basic chromosome number for previous report; Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & Mey.) Kuntze and Isodon japonicus (Burm.) Hara. Addition to polyploidy and aneuploidy, the greater chromosome number diversity explains higher species diversity within the Labiatae(x = 7, 8, 9, and 10). We also report the chromosome numbers for the first time: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudô) Hara (2n = 36, 38), Clinopodium gracile var. multicaule (Maxim.) Ohwi (2n = 18), Dracocephalum rupestre Hance (2n = 14), Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudô (2n = 40), Salvia chanryoenica Nakai (2n = 16, 32), Scutellaria orthocalyx Hand.-Mazz. (2n = 18), and Teucrium japonicum Houtt. (2n = 22). The diversity of chromosome number in Labiatae correlated with species diversity suggest that chromosomal differentiation plays an important role in species diversification in the group. The mechanism of chromosomal evolution in phylogenetic framework of Labiatae is proposed for a better understanding of the evolutionary history of the species-rich family.

1 - Kongju National University, Department of Biology Education, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju , Chungnam, 314-701, Korea
2 - Chungbuk National University, Biology, 52 Naesudong-ro, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Korea
3 - Andong National University, Department of Medicinal Plants Resources, 1375 Gyeongdong-ro, Andong, Gyeongbuk, 760-749, Korea
4 - Korea National Arboretum, Division of Forest Biodiversity, 415 Gwangneung Sumokweon-ro, Pocheon, Gyeonggi-do, 487-821, Korea
5 - Changwon National University, Department of Biology, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 641-773, Korea

Keywords:
chromosome number
cytotaxonomy
polyploidy
Labiatae
Korean flora.

Presentation Type: Poster:Posters for Sections
Session: P
Location: Eyrie/Boise Centre
Date: Monday, July 28th, 2014
Time: 5:30 PM
Number: PSY036
Abstract ID:559
Candidate for Awards:None